Video Basics
1. Introduction
Video combines visuals and often audio to present dynamic content. When frames are shown quickly, the human eye perceives continuous motion.
- Sequence of still images
- Creates motion illusion
2. Frames
A frame is a single still image in a video sequence. Multiple frames played per second create video motion.
- Basic unit of video
- Displayed sequentially
3. Frame Rate
Frame rate is the number of frames displayed per second, measured in frames per second (fps).
- 24 fps – cinema
- 30 fps – TV/video
- 60 fps – smooth motion
4. Resolution
Resolution refers to the number of pixels used to display each frame of a video.
- SD, HD, Full HD, 4K
- Higher resolution → clearer video
5. Aspect Ratio
Aspect ratio is the ratio of width to height of a video frame.
- 4:3 – traditional TV
- 16:9 – widescreen
6. Color Depth
Color depth determines the number of colors that can be displayed in a video.
- 8-bit, 10-bit, 12-bit
- Higher depth → richer colors
7. Video Compression
Compression reduces video file size by removing redundant or less noticeable information.
- Lossy and lossless compression
- Essential for streaming
8. Digital Video
Digital video is stored as binary data and can be easily edited, transmitted, and stored.
- Computer-readable format
- Used in multimedia systems
9. Advantages
- High visual impact
- Easy distribution
- Supports interactivity
10. Applications
- Movies and television
- Online streaming
- E-learning
- Video conferencing
Practice Questions
- What is video?
- Define frame rate.
- What is resolution?
- Explain aspect ratio.
- Why is video compression needed?